Перевести прямую речь в косвенную в английском языке требует изменения некоторых элементов предложения, таких как местоимения, время глаголов и указательные слова. Вот как можно перевести каждое из предложений в косвенную речь:
2) Sally said that she didn't like chocolate.
3) Margaret said that she was planning a trip to the south.
4) Tom said that he had already eaten lunch.
5) Kate said that she had called her doctor.
6) Mr. Ford said that he was going to fly to Chicago.
7) The speaker said that he would come to the meeting.
8) Jane said that she couldn't afford to buy a new TV-set.
9) The teacher told the children that they could go home then.
10) Ted said that he had to finish his report.
11) Mr. Durrell said that he had to talk to the director.
12) Alison said that she would call her parents.
Некоторые основные правила, которые следует учитывать при переводе:
Изменение времени глаголов (backshifting):
- Прямое: "I don't like chocolate" → Косвенное: "she didn't like chocolate"
- Прямое: "I am planning" → Косвенное: "she was planning"
- Прямое: "I have eaten" → Косвенное: "he had eaten"
- Прямое: "I called" → Косвенное: "she had called"
- Прямое: "I will come" → Косвенное: "he would come"
Изменение местоимений:
- Прямое: "I don't like chocolate" → Косвенное: "she didn't like chocolate"
- Прямое: "I am planning" → Косвенное: "she was planning"
- Прямое: "I have to finish" → Косвенное: "he had to finish"
Изменение указательных слов:
- Прямое: "Now, children, you may go home" → Косвенное: "The teacher told the children that they could go home then"
Изменение модальных глаголов:
- Прямое: "I must talk" → Косвенное: "he had to talk"
- Прямое: "I shall call" → Косвенное: "she would call"
Эти изменения помогают передать смысл исходного высказывания в контексте косвенной речи.
