Children start school at the age of six in Russia. The course of studies at school is eleven years now:...

Russian education system children start school age of six primary school secondary school creches nursery schools state schools private schools lyceums gymnasiums free education additional subjects foreign language arts reading writing arithmetic forty minute lessons school regulations Handicrafts Drawing Music Physical Education World History of Arts Fundamentals of Security History Geography one teacher secondary school Certificate of Basic Secondary Education technical schools vocational schools colleges Certificate of Complete Secondary Education gold medal higher school entrance examinations specialized secondary education institutes academies universities scientific research diploma postgraduate courses.
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Children start school at the age of six in Russia. The course of studies at school is eleven years now: four years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Previously it was only ten years: three years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Children under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools. There is a wide choice of schools nowadays: state schools, private schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. The majority of schools is free of charge, but in some (usually private ones) parents have to pay for the education of their children. In ordinary schools parents sometimes pay for additional subjects in the curriculum, such as a foreign language or arts. Though it is generally not a demand, most children can already read and write when they start their school: this makes education much easier for them. In primary school there are three or four lessons a day, they usually are Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. A lesson lasts forty minutes. Dur­ ing the first term children get used to learning and adapt to school regulations. Beginning with the second term of the first year at school, children also take Handicrafts, Drawing, Music and Physical Educa­ tion. The list of subjects under study is further extended during the second, third and fourth years and includes the World History of Arts, Fundamentals of Security, History, Geography, and others. At primary schools all lessons are usually conducted by one teacher. At the age of ten children pass to the second stage of education, known as secondary school. In secondary school there is a wide variety of subjects under study, and teachers specialize. The transition from primary to secondary school is sometimes difficult for children. After finishing the ninth form and getting the Certificate of Basic Secondary Education, schoolchildren may either continue their education in the tenth form, or leave school and go to technical (vocational) schools and colleges. After eleven years at school the school leavers take examinations and get the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education. Those who have only excellent marks in the Certificate get a gold medal, which gives the right to enter higher school taking only one examination. The admission to higher school is competitive and based on the system of entrance examinations, usually three or four. During the ex­ aminations the school leavers must show their abilities in the chosen field. Young people also have an option to get specialized secondary education in vocational schools after leaving the eleventh form. Among higher educational establishments are institutes (colleges), academies and universities. The term of studying in higher school is from four to six years. Students can be involved in scientific research while studying. At the end of their final year at college, university or academy they take final examinations and get a diploma. Besides, they can take postgraduate courses in the chosen field. 1)Give the English equivalents of the following: детский сад; большой выбор; государственная школа; большин­ ство школ; дополнительные предметы; первая четверть; школь­ ные правила; включать; изучаемые предметы; выпускники; акаде­ мия; выпускные экзамены 4)Use the words and word combinations of exercise 3 in the sentences of your own. 5)Find in the text and read the information about •the course of studies in Russian schools; •pre-primaryeducational establishments; •types of schools existing in Russia; •lessons in primary school; •secondary education; •school-leavingexaminations; •the admission to higher school; •higher educational establishments. 6)Translate the words in brackets into English. 1.(Курс обучения) is eleven years. 2.Children (младше шести лет) are taken to creches and nursery schools. 3.(Большинство школ) are free of charge. 4.At the age of six children start (ходить в начальную школу). 5.After (базовой средней школы)young people can enter (техни­ ческие училища).

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задан 2 месяца назад

3 Ответа

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1) English Equivalents:

  1. детский сад - nursery school
  2. большой выбор - wide choice
  3. государственная школа - state school
  4. большинство школ - majority of schools
  5. дополнительные предметы - additional subjects
  6. первая четверть - first term
  7. школьные правила - school regulations
  8. включать - include
  9. изучаемые предметы - subjects under study
  10. выпускники - school leavers
  11. академия - academy
  12. выпускные экзамены - final examinations

4) Sentences Using the Words and Phrases:

  1. Many parents prefer to send their children to a nursery school before they start primary school.
  2. There is a wide choice of extracurricular activities available at the school.
  3. A state school generally does not charge tuition fees.
  4. The majority of schools in the area offer sports programs.
  5. Students can take additional subjects such as music and art.
  6. During the first term, children get used to the new school environment.
  7. School regulations are strict about attendance and punctuality.
  8. The curriculum includes a variety of subjects.
  9. The subjects under study change as students progress through school.
  10. School leavers often have mixed feelings about finishing their education.
  11. An academy often offers specialized programs and research opportunities.
  12. Final examinations can be stressful but are an important part of the education process.

5) Information from the Text:

  • The course of studies in Russian schools: Children start school at the age of six and the course of studies is eleven years, consisting of four years of primary school and seven years of secondary school.
  • Pre-primary educational establishments: Children under six years old attend creches and nursery schools.
  • Types of schools existing in Russia: There are state schools, private schools, lyceums, and gymnasiums.
  • Lessons in primary school: Primary school includes three to four lessons a day such as Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic, with lessons lasting forty minutes each. Additional subjects like Handicrafts, Drawing, Music, and Physical Education are introduced from the second term of the first year.
  • Secondary education: At the age of ten, children transition to secondary school where they study a wider variety of subjects taught by specialized teachers. After the ninth form, students receive a Certificate of Basic Secondary Education.
  • School-leaving examinations: After eleven years, students take examinations to receive the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education. Excellent students may receive a gold medal, allowing them to enter higher education with only one examination.
  • The admission to higher school: Admission to higher education is competitive and based on entrance examinations in the chosen field, usually three or four exams.
  • Higher educational establishments: These include institutes (colleges), academies, and universities, with study terms ranging from four to six years. Students may engage in scientific research and take final examinations to earn a diploma. Postgraduate courses are also available.

6) Translation of Words in Brackets:

  1. The course of studies is eleven years.
  2. Children under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools.
  3. The majority of schools are free of charge.
  4. At the age of six, children start primary school.
  5. After basic secondary school, young people can enter technical (vocational) schools.

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ответил 2 месяца назад
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1) Give the English equivalents of the following:

  • детский сад - creche/nursery school
  • большой выбор - wide choice
  • государственная школа - state school
  • большинство школ - majority of schools
  • дополнительные предметы - additional subjects
  • первая четверть - first term
  • школьные правила - school regulations
  • включать - include
  • изучаемые предметы - subjects under study
  • выпускники - school leavers
  • академия - academy
  • выпускные экзамены - school-leaving examinations

4) Use the words and word combinations of exercise 3 in the sentences of your own.

  • The state school system in Russia offers a wide choice of schools for children to attend.
  • The majority of schools in Russia are free of charge for students.
  • At the age of six, children start attending primary school.
  • After finishing basic secondary education, school leavers can enter technical schools.
  • Graduates who excel in their school-leaving examinations receive a gold medal.

5) Find in the text and read the information about:

  • The course of studies in Russian schools: 11 years, divided into primary and secondary school.
  • Pre-primary educational establishments: Creches and nursery schools for children under the age of six.
  • Types of schools existing in Russia: State schools, private schools, lyceums, and gymnasiums.
  • Lessons in primary school: Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, Handicrafts, Drawing, Music, and Physical Education.
  • Secondary education: Begins at the age of ten after completing primary school.
  • School-leaving examinations: After 11 years at school, students take examinations and receive the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education.
  • The admission to higher school: Competitive and based on entrance examinations.
  • Higher educational establishments: Institutes (colleges), academies, and universities.

6) Translate the words in brackets into English.

  1. (Course of studies) is eleven years.
  2. Children (under the age of six) are taken to creches and nursery schools.
  3. (Majority of schools) are free of charge.
  4. At the age of six children start (attending primary school).
  5. After (basic secondary education), young people can enter (technical schools).

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ответил 2 месяца назад
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1) детский сад - creche, nursery school большой выбор - wide choice государственная школа - state school большинство школ - majority of schools дополнительные предметы - additional subjects первая четверть - first term школьные правила - school regulations включать - include изучаемые предметы - subjects under study выпускники - school leavers академия - academy выпускные экзамены - school-leaving examinations

4) Children under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools. There is a wide choice of schools in Russia. Most schools are free of charge. Children start primary school at the age of six. After finishing basic secondary education, young people can enter technical schools.

6) 1. The course of studies

  1. younger than six years old
  2. the majority of schools
  3. attend primary school
  4. basic secondary education

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ответил 2 месяца назад

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